Iranian pilots are training on Russian Yak-130 combat trainer aircraft over Tehran in preparation for the expected delivery of Su-35 fighter jets, with shipments anticipated by the end of 2026, Military Watch Magazine reported on March 4.

The publication said the Yak-130 is the most advanced combat aircraft Iran has purchased from Russia in 35 years and is being used as a stepping stone to prepare crews for the heavier and more complex Su-35.

It comes as Israel announced it had shot down a Yak-130 as part of its ongoing campaign in Iran. 

"These aircraft were most likely procured specifically to prepare crews for flights on the Su-35. According to available information, deliveries of these fighters should begin by the end of 2026," the publication said.

The Yak-130s and older MiG-29A aircraft currently flying over Tehran are also performing operational roles, with the potential to intercept missiles or drones in the event of US or Israeli attacks, the report said.

Military Watch Magazine noted that Iran could eventually pursue purchases of Russia's fifth-generation Su-57 fighter, which would represent a major upgrade to an air force that has long relied on ageing US-made F-14 Tomcats and domestically produced aircraft.

The report described the Yak-130 as having "real combat potential" despite being subsonic and less manoeuvrable than dedicated fighter aircraft, citing its modern electronics, sensors and compatibility with newer missile types.

The training programme comes as Iran's air force said it carried out bombing raids against US bases in Gulf states and the Kurdistan Region of Iraq on March 1, the first reported use of Iranian manned aircraft in the current conflict.