Syria's notorious al-Hol ISIS camp, which once held tens of thousands of women and children linked to the Islamic State group, has been fully cleared after the final convoy departed on February 22, officials said.

Fadi al-Qassem, the Syrian Foreign Ministry representative for the al-Hol camp administration, confirmed the last residents left the remote northeastern camp on February 22.

Hundreds have been transferred in recent weeks to the Akhtarin camp in Aleppo province, while others have been repatriated to Iraq.

The UN refugee agency said it assisted the return of 191 Iraqi nationals from al-Hol to Iraq on February 19. The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights, a UK-based monitoring group, said an unspecified number of residents had also left individually without joining organised convoys.

Officials said the decision to close the camp was driven by its isolated desert location, far from services and near territory not fully under government control.

At its peak following IS's defeat in 2019, al-Hol held around 73,000 people, the majority Syrian and Iraqi nationals, along with thousands of foreign nationals.

Residents were mostly women, wives or widows of IS members, and their children. Though not formally prisoners, most had spent years in de facto detention at the heavily guarded facility. The number had fallen to around 24,000 last month.

Syrian government forces seized control of al-Hol last month following a weeks-long offensive against the Kurdish-led Syrian Democratic Forces, which had administered the camp for a decade. A ceasefire has since ended that fighting.

The smaller Roj camp in northeastern Syria, still under SDF control and housing predominantly foreign nationals, remains open.

Its future is uncertain after Syrian authorities turned back 34 Australian women and children on February 16 who had attempted to travel to Damascus to board a repatriation flight, with Australian authorities subsequently confirming they would not accept them back.